二元拉伐尔喷管不可压缩流动精确解
An Exact Solution for Incompressible Flow Through a Two-Dimensional Laval Nozzle
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摘要: 在物理平面上,仔细分析沿拉伐尔喷管中心线和喷管型线的流动,可以发现拉伐尔喷管流动的上下两半部分在速度平面中是两个相同的具有尾缘点前后错开的双尾的裂缝厚翼型。该两个翼型处在不同的黎曼面内。翼型的内部在复位势平面中可转绘成无限长的条带。利用这些结果得到了二元拉伐尔喷管内不可压缩位势流动的精确解。精确解对任意给定的收缩比n1、扩张比n2和喉部壁面曲率半径R*都适用。作为应用的举例,给出了一些典型的喷管型线,喷管内的流速分布以及不同瞬间流体质点的所在位置。Abstract: A careful examination of the variation of the velocity along the centerline and the contour of a Laval nozzle in the physical plane shows that either the upper or the lower half of the Laval nozzle assumes the same form of a slitted thick airfoil with tandem trailing edges. These two airfoils lie on different Ricmann sheets in the hodograph plane. The interior of the airfoil is then mapped onto an infinite strip in the complex potential plane. Making use of these results, we obtained an exact solution for the incompressible potential flow through a two-dimensional Laval nozzle. The solution is applicable for nozzles with any given contraction ratio n1 expansion ratio n2 and throat wall radius R*. As examples of the method, various nozzle contours, the velocity distribution of the flow, and the locations of the fluid particles at different time intervals are presented.
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[1] Lin, T, C, and L, G, Witehead, The St, Venant torsion problem for the hyperbolic airfoil cross section, Bulletin, Experimental Station, Univ, of Wash,,Seattle, Wash,,U, S, A,,118 (1951) 103-111. [2] 浦群、林同骥,二元拉伐尔喷管中的亚、跨声速流动,力学学报, 16. 6 (1984) 535-545. [3] Lin, T.C.,Ducts for accelerated flow, Proc, of the Second U, S, National Congress of Applied Mechanics (1954).
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