Evolutionary Dynamic Model of Population With Niche Construction and Its Application Research
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摘要: 依据进化动力学的理论与方法，系统探讨了生态位构建的机理与模式．通过建立生态位构建的空间模式及其适合度计算公式和具有生态位构建作用的单种群与两种群的进化动力学模型，并对其种群进化动态、种间竞争共存机制进行的理论与数值模拟分析，揭示了生物与环境资源的协同进化关系．结果表明：种群动态受其主要生态因子及资源含量的正反馈作用．生态位构建作用通过对种群适宜度的影响而产生进化响应．单种群动力系统存在种群大小的阈值效应；在两竞争种群动力系统中，生态位构建可以导致进化动力系统的多个竞争结果，从而为解释种间竞争与稳定共存提供了一种新的理论机制．Abstract: Based on the theories and approaches in biomechanics,the mechanism and pattern of niche construction were discussed systematically.Through establishing the spatial pattern of niche and its measuring-fitness formula,and the dynamic system models of single-and two-population with niche construction,including corresponding theoretical analysis and numerical simulation on their evolutionary dynamics of population and the mechanism of competitive coexistence,the co-evolutionary relationship between organisms and their environments was revealed.The results indicate that population dynamics is governed by positive feedback between primary ecological factors and resource content.Niche construction generates an evolutionary effect in system by influencing the fitness of population.A threshold effect exists in single population dynamic system.In dynamic system of two competitive population,niche construction can lead to alternative competitive consequences,which may be a potential mechanism to explain the competitive coexistence of species.
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Key words:
- niche construction /
- population dynamics /
- evolutionary kinetics /
- model /
- competitive coexistence
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