A Multi-Level Method for Hierarchical Quadratic Discretizations of Thin-Walled Structures in 3D Heat Conduction
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摘要: 在利用有限元法对三维薄结构进行分析时,为了减少单元数目,常采用六面体薄单元,相应的高阶单元在计算精度、抗畸变程度等方面具有明显优势.但与低阶元相比,高阶单元需要更多的计算机存储空间,离散化线性系统具有更高的计算复杂性,并且系数矩阵是严重病态的,采用通常的求解方法其效率将大大降低.该文针对三维薄结构稳态热传导问题,利用局部块Gauss-Seidel光滑子和基于“距离矩阵”的DAMG法,为其分层二次元离散系统设计了一种具有更好计算效率和鲁棒性(robustness)的多水平方法.由于采用了分层基,程序实现中不再需要建立判定未知数变量指标与所属几何节点类型对应关系的代数判据,网格转换算子的构造也变得非常简单,从而大大提高了运算效率.数值实验结果验证了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性.Abstract: When the finite element method is applied to analyze the 3D thin-walled structures, some thin hexahedral elements are usually used in order to reduce the number of elements, and the corresponding higher-order elements are preferred since they have some obvious advantages in the calculation accuracy, the anti-distortion degree and so on. However, they have much higher computational complexity than the lower-order (e.g., linear) elements and the coefficient matrix of the linear algebraic equation system is severely ill-conditioned. The convergence of the commonly used solvers will deteriorate with the increasing size of the problem. An efficient and robust multi-level method was presented for the hierarchical quadratic discretizations of 3D thin-walled structures through combination of two special local block Gauss-Seidel smoothers and the DAMG algorithm based on the distance matrix. Since a hierarchical basis is used, those algebraic criteria are not needed to judge the relationships between the unknown variables and the geometric node types, and the grid transfer operators are also trivial. This makes it easy to find the coarse level (linear element) matrix derived directly from the fine level matrix, and thus the overall efficiency is greatly improved. The numerical results verify the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method.
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