细胞骨架与细胞外基质的力学建模与分析

龚博; 林骥; 王彦中; 钱劲

doi:10.21656/1000-0887.420302

细胞骨架与细胞外基质的力学建模与分析

doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.420302

龚博¹,
林骥¹,
王彦中¹,
钱劲^1,2, ,

1. 浙江大学航空航天学院工程力学系，杭州 310027;
2.浙江省软体机器人与智能器件研究重点实验室，杭州 310027

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(12072316；12125205)；中国博士后科学基金(528000X92003)

详细信息

作者简介:
龚博(1987—)，男，博士(E-mail: gongbo2005@126.com);林骥(1990—)，男，博士(E-mail: linji900108@163.com);王彦中(1993—)，男，博士(E-mail: 772187295@qq.com);钱劲(1978—)，男，教授，博士，博士生导师(通讯作者. E-mail: jqian@zju.edu.cn).

通讯作者:
钱劲(1978—)，男，教授，博士，博士生导师(通讯作者. E-mail: jqian@zju.edu.cn).

中图分类号: O34|O39
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-08
- 修回日期: 2021-10-18

Mechanical Modeling and Analyses of Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix

GONG Bo¹,
LIN Ji¹,
WANG Yanzhong¹,
QIAN Jin^{1,2
, ,}

1. Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R.China;
2. Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310027, P.R.China

Funds:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China(12072316；12125205)

摘要

摘要: 细胞和生物组织需要适应人体内复杂的力学生物学环境，一方面要被动地承受外部环境中的机械力，另一方面在组织生长、修复等生理过程中要积极主动地产生机械力调整自身的结构和形态.细胞和生物组织的力学性质主要由细胞骨架和细胞外基质决定，它们在微观上都是生物聚合物交联形成的复杂的、各向异性的三维网络结构.这方面早期的力学研究主要集中在通过各种网络模型，理解其普遍存在的非线性响应和硬化行为.近年来随着实验方法、理论建模和计算机模拟技术的大幅进步，这些生命介质的力学性质及其潜在的力学机理得到了更深入的理解.该文回顾了近些年细胞骨架和细胞外基质研究方面取得的部分进展，主要侧重动态交联属性、生物聚合物力学化学耦合赋予的主动材料属性、交联网络塑性和断裂，以及力学训练引发的自适应网络重构.发展细胞骨架与细胞外基质的力学模型与计算方法，分析该类生命介质的复杂力学行为，理解这些力学行为的潜在机制，可以加深我们对细胞和组织的力学生物学认识，并为人造生物材料和细胞组织工程提供基础和参考.
- 细胞骨架 /
- 细胞外基质 /
- 生物聚合物网络 /
- 力学建模与分析
Abstract: The cells and biological tissues need to adapt the complex physiological and mechanical environment in human body. They must withstand the mechanical loads from external environment, and equally important, they often actively produce forces to change their architecture and shape during physiological processes such as tissue growth and repair. The mechanical properties of cells are mainly determined by cytoskeleton, and the stiffness of biological tissues is greatly affected by extracellular matrix. Microscopically, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix are intricate, heterogeneous 3D networks of crosslinked biopolymers. Early studies mainly focused on explaining the universal features such as the nonlinear response and strain stiffening of these biopolymer networks by constructing various network models. In recent years, with the simultaneous progress in experimental methods, theoretical models and computational techniques, more intriguing mechanical behaviors and underlying mechanisms of these living matters have been revealed. In this review, we online some of the major advances in modeling and analyzing cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix, including the dynamic crosslinking, active materials originated from mechanochemical coupling of biopolymers, plasticity/fracture of crosslinked networks, and self-adaption triggered by mechanical training. These modeling and analyses may help to quantify the complex behaviors of cells and tissues, deepen our understanding of the underlying mechanobiological mechanisms, and provide guidance for synthetic biological materials and tissue engineering.
- cytoskeleton /
- extracellular matrix /
- biopolymer networks /
- mechanical modeling and analyses

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细胞骨架与细胞外基质的力学建模与分析

doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.420302

作者简介:
龚博(1987—)，男，博士(E-mail: gongbo2005@126.com);林骥(1990—)，男，博士(E-mail: linji900108@163.com);王彦中(1993—)，男，博士(E-mail: 772187295@qq.com);钱劲(1978—)，男，教授，博士，博士生导师(通讯作者. E-mail: jqian@zju.edu.cn).

通讯作者:
钱劲(1978—)，男，教授，博士，博士生导师(通讯作者. E-mail: jqian@zju.edu.cn).

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Mechanical Modeling and Analyses of Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix

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留言板

细胞骨架与细胞外基质的力学建模与分析

doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.420302

作者简介: 龚博(1987—)，男，博士(E-mail: gongbo2005@126.com);林骥(1990—)，男，博士(E-mail: linji900108@163.com);王彦中(1993—)，男，博士(E-mail: 772187295@qq.com);钱劲(1978—)，男，教授，博士，博士生导师(通讯作者. E-mail: jqian@zju.edu.cn).

通讯作者: 钱劲(1978—)，男，教授，博士，博士生导师(通讯作者. E-mail: jqian@zju.edu.cn).

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Mechanical Modeling and Analyses of Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix

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出版历程

目录

作者简介:
龚博(1987—)，男，博士(E-mail: gongbo2005@126.com);林骥(1990—)，男，博士(E-mail: linji900108@163.com);王彦中(1993—)，男，博士(E-mail: 772187295@qq.com);钱劲(1978—)，男，教授，博士，博士生导师(通讯作者. E-mail: jqian@zju.edu.cn).

通讯作者:
钱劲(1978—)，男，教授，博士，博士生导师(通讯作者. E-mail: jqian@zju.edu.cn).