川渝裂缝性地层自动压井环空多相压力波速特性研究

孔祥伟; 刘祚才; 靳彦欣

doi:10.21656/1000-0887.430006

川渝裂缝性地层自动压井环空多相压力波速特性研究

doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.430006

孔祥伟^{1, 2, ,},
刘祚才³,
靳彦欣⁴

1.
长江大学石油工程学院，武汉 430000
2.
长江大学油气钻完井技术国家工程研究中心，武汉 430000
3.
中石化西南石油工程公司重庆钻井分公司，重庆 400000
4.
中国石油化工股份有限公司青岛安全工程研究院，山东青岛 266000

基金项目: 中石化科技部课题资助项目（P21069；P22117）

详细信息

作者简介:
孔祥伟（1982—），男，副教授，博士，硕士生导师（通讯作者. E-mail：76922591@qq.com）

中图分类号: O347.4
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-05
- 修回日期: 2022-04-14
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-23
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-01

Study on Multiphase Pressure Wave Velocity Characteristics of Automatic Kill Annulus in Chuanyu Fractured Formation

KONG Xiangwei^{1, 2
, ,},
LIU Zuocai³,
JIN Yanxin⁴

1.
School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430000, P.R.China
2.
National Engineering Research Center for Oil & Gas Drilling and Completion Technology, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430000, P.R.China
3.
Chongqing Drilling Branch of Sinopec Southwest Petroleum Engineering Company, Chongqing 400000, P.R.China
4.
SINOPEC Qingdao Research Institute of Safety Engineering, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R.China

摘要

摘要:
考虑虚拟质量力、环空沿程压力、气液相间阻力、气体滑脱、环空空隙率等因素，基于小扰动理论，提出了裂缝性地层自动压井环空多相压力波速数学模型，结合半显式差分方法，以彭州PZ-5-3D井（垂深5827 m）为实例，对模型编程求解。结果表明：裂缝性地层出气具有段塞流特点，随空隙率增大，压力波速呈现先减小后增大趋势；空隙率在0%至16%区间，压力波速以液弹为主，压力波速呈急剧下降趋势；空隙率在16%至40%区间，压力波速趋于平缓恒定值；空隙率在42%至100%区间，压力波速呈现增大趋势，压力波速以气弹为主；随环空井深减小，环空空隙率减小，压力波速整体呈现减小趋势；随压井循环排气井口回压增大，压力波速整体呈现增大趋势；环空空隙率在0%至13%区间内，气体滑脱速度对压力波速影响不大；环空空隙率在13%至85%区间内，随气体滑脱速度增大，压力波速呈现减小趋势；节流阀调阀时间间隔与井底压力响应时间具有跟随性，随井底压力响应时间增大，调阀时间间隔增大。
- 裂缝性气藏 /
- 自动压井 /
- 环空多相流 /
- 压力波速 /
- 气体滑脱
Abstract:
In view of the virtual mass force, the annulus pressure, the gas-liquid resistance, the gas slippage, the annulus void fraction and other factors, the mathematical model for annular multiphase pressure wave velocities of automatic kill in fractured formation, was proposed based on the small perturbation theory. With the Pengzhou PZ-5-3D well (vertical depth 5 827 m) as an example, the model was solved programmatically with the semi-explicit difference method. The results show that, the gas from the fractured formation is characterized by the slug flow. With the increase of the void fraction, the pressure wave velocity first decreases and then increases. For a void fraction between 0% and 16%, the pressure wave velocity is mainly of liquid slug, and decreases sharply. For a void fraction between 16% and 40%, the pressure wave velocity tends to be flat and constant. For a void fraction between 42% and 100%, the pressure wave velocity shows an increasing trend, and is mainly of bubble slug. With the decrease of the annulus well depth, the void fraction decreases and the pressure wave velocity falls. The pressure wave velocity increases with the back pressure of the kill circulating exhaust wellhead. For an annular void fraction between 0% and 13%, the gas slippage velocity has little influence on the pressure wave velocity. For an annular void fraction between 13% and 85%, the pressure wave velocity decreases with the gas slippage velocity. The time interval of the throttle valve follows the response time of the bottom hole pressure, and increases with the response time.
- fractured gas reservoir /
- automatic kill /
- annulus polyphase /
- pressure wave velocity /
- gas slippage

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图 1 环空多相压力波速求解技术路线图

Figure 1. The flowchart for solving the multiphase pressure wave velocity in annulus

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图 2 文献[15-16]的实验测试结果与本文模型计算压力波速对比：（a）30 MPa压力条件下压力波速对比结果；（b）含气率在1%及20%条件下波速对比结果

Figure 2. Comparisons between the experimental results of ref. [15-16] and the wave velocities calculated in this paper: (a) comparison of the wave velocity at a pressure of 30 MPa; (b) comparison of the wave velocity at gas contents of 1% and 20%

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图 3 自动压井气侵循环排气示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of automatic well killing gas invasion circulating exhaust

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图 4 裂缝气段塞流空隙率对压力波速的影响

Figure 4. Effects of the crack gas slug flow void fraction on the pressure wave velocity

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图 5 裂缝性地层气侵流量对压力波速的影响

Figure 5. Effects of the gas invasion velocity on the pressure wave velocity in the fractured gas reservoir

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图 6 压井节流阀回压对压力波速的影响

Figure 6. Effects of the throttle valve back pressure on the pressure wave velocity

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图 7 角频率对压力波速的影响

Figure 7. Effects of the angular frequency on the pressure wave velocity

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图 8 气体滑脱速度对压力波速的影响

Figure 8. Effects of the gas slippage velocity on the pressure wave velocity

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表 1 气体滑脱速度对压力波速影响数据表

Table 1. Effects of the gas slippage velocity on the pressure wave velocity

gas rate	v_s=0.08 m/s C_vm=0	v_s=0.20 m/s C_vm=0	v_s=0.40 m/s C_vm=0	v_s=0.60 m/s C_vm=0	v_s=0.70 m/s C_vm=0	v_s=0.80 m/s C_vm=Re
6.1	372.18	372.16	372.15	372.13	372.12	372.10
13.1	51.56	41.88	41.16	40.97	40.89	40.61
23.1	59.02	35.31	32.39	31.55	31.20	30.34
33.1	74.55	38.64	31.88	29.54	28.49	28.12
43.1	96.16	48.64	37.08	32.21	29.74	26.92
53.1	127.09	65.87	48.94	40.75	36.03	26.04
63.1	173.82	94.36	70.62	58.27	50.57	26.14
73.1	244.94	145.00	111.09	92.65	80.68	27.50
83.1	325.26	241.65	196.06	168.26	149.18	31.08
93.1	349.51	344.27	334.70	322.83	310.25	41.06
98.1	349.99	349.99	349.99	349.99	349.99	87.31

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