Numerical Simulation of Stand-Off Distance Effects on Explosive Welding With an Intermediate Layer

Miao Guanghong; Ni Yadong; Wei Zhengmei; Wu Weida; Tian Guangkuo

doi:10.21656/1000-0887.460147

Volume 47 Issue 9

Sep. 2026

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Article Navigation > Applied Mathematics and Mechanics > 2026 > 47(9): 1117-1131

Miao Guanghong, Ni Yadong, Wei Zhengmei, Wu Weida, Tian Guangkuo. Numerical Simulation of Stand-Off Distance Effects on Explosive Welding With an Intermediate Layer[J]. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 2026, 47(9): 1117-1131. doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.460147

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Numerical Simulation of Stand-Off Distance Effects on Explosive Welding With an Intermediate Layer

doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.460147

1.
School of Mechanics and Optoelectronics Physics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P. R. China
2.
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P. R. China

Received Date: 2025-08-10
Rev Recd Date: 2025-08-27
Publish Date: 2026-09-01

Abstract

Abstract

the stand-off distance effects on explosive welding with an interlayer were investigated, with the ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software. The 3D numerical simulations of the explosive welding process were conducted for the commercially pure titanium (TP270C), the duplex stainless steel (SUS821L1), and the interlayer (SUS821L1), with 2 distinct algorithms: the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method and the smoothed particle hydrodynamics-finite element method (SPH-FEM) coupling algorithm. The behaviors of the flyer plate under varying stand-off distances (5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm/2 mm), including the vertical displacement, the collision velocity, the collision pressure, and the plastic deformation of the interlayer, were systematically analyzed across both algorithms. The simulation results show that, the vertical displacement of the flyer plate exceeds the stand-off distance between the base plate and the flyer plate, and the collision velocity falls within the explosive welding window. The collision velocity, the collision pressure of the flyer plate, the plastic deformation of the interlayer, the partitioned kinetic energy of the flyer plate and the collision pressure by the interlayer, all increase with the stand-off distance. All 3 stand-off distances achieve successful welding under the action of the interlayer. The highest explosive welding quality occurs at a stand-off distance of 15 mm, which matches the experimental results. Furthermore, numerical simulations based on 2 control groups' explosive thicknesses: 40 mm with stand-off distances of 30 mm/2 mm, and 38 mm with stand-off distances of 55 mm/2 mm, were performed. The results demonstrate that, reducing the explosive thickness and increasing the stand-off distance between the interlayer and the flyer plate during the acceleration phase achieve welding effects identical to those of the original experiments. This work ensures welding quality, reduces the cost of explosive welding experiments, and provides theoretical guidance for engineering applications.
- stand-off distance,
- explosive welding,
- intermediate layer,
- ALE algorithm,
- SPH-FEM algorithm

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References(25)

References

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