基于有效悬浮功理论下小浪底库区异重流运动特征

李彬; 万占伟; 高兴; 李树森; 白玉川; 鲁俊

doi:10.21656/1000-0887.450322

基于有效悬浮功理论下小浪底库区异重流运动特征

doi: 10.21656/1000-0887.450322

李彬^{1, 2,},
万占伟^{1, 2, 3},
高兴^{1, 2, ,},
李树森⁴,
白玉川⁵,
鲁俊^{1, 2}

1.
黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司，郑州 450003
2.
水利部黄河流域水治理与水安全重点实验室，郑州 450003
3.
清华大学，北京 100084
4.
黄河水利委员会河南水文水资源局，郑州 450003
5.
天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室，天津 300350

基金项目:

“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题 2023YFC3206703

国家自然科学基金 51979185

黄委优秀人才科技项目 HQK-202319

详细信息

作者简介:
李彬(1994—)，男，工程师，博士(E-mail: Libin0425@tju.edu.cn)

通讯作者:
高兴(1990—)，男，工程师，硕士(通讯作者. E-mail: 2408177451@qq.com)

中图分类号: TV145⁺.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 31
- HTML全文浏览量: 10
- PDF下载量: 6
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-02
- 修回日期: 2025-02-10
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-01

Characteristics of Turbidity Currents in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir Considering Sediment Effective Power

LI Bin^{1, 2
,},
WAN Zhanwei^{1, 2, 3},
GAO Xing^{1, 2
, ,},
LI Shusen⁴,
BAI Yuchuan⁵,
LU Jun^{1, 2}

1.
Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450003, P.R.China
2.
Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River Basin, Ministry of Water Resources, Zhengzhou 450003, P.R.China
3.
Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R.China
4.
Yellow River Conservancy Commission Henan Hydrological and Water Resources Bureau, Zhengzhou 450003, P.R.China
5.
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R.China

摘要

摘要:
水库异重流对提高水库运用效益、高效排沙以及延长水库生命周期具有重要意义，是多沙河流水库调水调沙的重要内容. 为探究水库异重流运动特征，建立了异重流控制方程，结合有效悬浮功理论与异重流自相似理论，以小浪底水库为对象分析水库异重流运动特征. 研究结果表明：小浪底水库异重流运动存在消亡、自悬浮、激励状态. 异重流沿程演化存在临界位置x_0c. 在x_0c上游，异重流厚度、含沙量与流速对粒径、坡降、阻力系数变化响应较小；异重流厚度在x_0c下游随粒径、坡降、阻力系数增加而增加. 粒径增大/减小会使异重流从激励状态向消亡/自悬浮状态转变. 当坡降大于临界坡降时，异重流向激励状态转变；当阻力系数大于临界阻力系数时，异重流向消亡状态转变，小于临界阻力系数时异重流保持原有状态. 随着潜入点处Richardson数减小，异重流厚度在x_0c下游增长速率降低、异重流稳定性减弱、异重流向消亡状态转变，在激励状态下异重流流速在x_0c下游流速增加. 研究成果对揭示水库异重流运动特征提供了理论支持，为多沙河流水库调水调沙期间调度方案制定提供了理论依据.
- 水库异重流 /
- 小浪底水库 /
- 有效悬浮 /
- 自相似 /
- 多沙河流
Abstract:
Turbidity currents in reservoirs are significant for improving reservoir utilization efficiency, efficient sediment discharge, and extending the reservoir lifespan. They are also crucial in water and sediment regulation schemes for sediment-laden rivers. The governing equations for turbidity currents were established and the evolution characteristics of turbidity currents in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir were analyzed through integration of the effective suspension power theory and the self-similarity theory for turbidity currents. The results indicate that, the turbidity current in Xiaolangdi Reservoir exhibits 3 distinct evolutionary states: attenuation, self-suspension, and activation. During its longitudinal evolution, there exists a critical position x_0c. Upstream of x_0c, the turbidity current thickness, sediment concentration, and flow velocity exhibit minimal responses to changes in particle sizes, slopes, and resistance coefficients. Downstream of x_0c, the turbidity current thickness increases rapidly with the rises in particle sizes, slopes, and resistance coefficients. An increase or decrease in particle sizes can cause the turbidity current to transition from the activation state to the attenuation or self-suspension state, respectively. When the slope exceeds the critical value, the turbidity current will transition to the activation state. When the resistance coefficient will surpass the critical resistance coefficient, and the turbidity current will gradually transition to the attenuation state, whereas a resistance coefficient below the critical value will make the turbidity current maintain in its original state. As the Richardson number decreases at the plunging point, the growth rate of the turbidity current thickness downstream of x_0c will slow, the stability of the turbidity current will weaken, and the turbidity current will transition to the attenuation state. In the activation state, the flow velocity of the turbidity current will increase downstream of x_0c. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the movement characteristics of reservoir turbidity currents and offer theoretical support for developing regulation schemes during water and sediment management in sediment-laden river reservoirs.
- turbidity current /
- Xiaolangdi Reservoir /
- sediment effective power /
- self-similarity /
- sediment-laden river

HTML全文

图 1 异重流流速、含沙量、湍动能分布示意图^{[24, 27]}

Figure 1. Schematic of the velocity, sediment concentration, and turbulent kinetic energy of the turbidity current^{[24, 27]}

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图 2 悬移质有效悬浮功示意图^[19-20]

Figure 2. Schematic of the sediment effective power of suspended sediment^[19-20]

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图 3 水槽与结果验证

Figure 3. The flume and calculation results verification

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图 4 不同粒径下异重流运动特征结果验证

注为了解释图中的颜色，读者可以参考本文的电子网页版本，后同.

Figure 4. Validation of turbidity current characteristics under different particle sizes

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图 5 不同年份小浪底水库异重流实测结果与理论结果对比

Figure 5. Comparison of measured and theoretical results of turbidity currents in Xiaolangdi Reservoir in different years

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图 6 粒径对异重流运动过程中厚度、含沙量和流速的影响

Figure 6. The effects of particle sizes on the layer depths, sediment concentrations and velocities in the turbidity currents evolution

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图 7 坡降对异重流运动过程中的厚度、含沙量以及流速影响

Figure 7. The effects of bed slopes on the layer depths, sediment concentrations, and velocities in the turbidity currents evlution

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图 8 阻力系数对异重流运动过程中的厚度、含沙量以及流速影响

Figure 8. The effects of friction coefficients on the layer depths, sediment concentrations and velocities in the turbidity currents evdution

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图 9 初始状态对异重流运动过程中的厚度、含沙量以及流速影响

Figure 9. The effects of initial states on the evolutions of the layer depths, sediment concentrations, and velocities of the turbidity currents

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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